Referral Criteria for Assessment and Treatment: In an Ambulatory Dysphagia Clinic

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
22 November 2012

Abstract

Dysphagia is highly prevalent in patients with chronic neurological disorders and can increase the risk for comorbidities such as aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition. Treatment includes timely access to interdisciplinary health care teams with specialized skills in dysphagia management. A retrospective chart review (n=99 of 125 charts screened) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of referral criteria to identify and triage patients with suspected dysphagia to an ambulatory dysphagia clinic. Variables collected included demographic information (age), anthropometric information (body mass index [BMI], each patient’s sex), reason for referral, primary medical diagnosis, symptomatology (e.g., pneumonia, chest congestion), nutrition and swallowing interventions, clinic wait times, missed/cancelled appointments, and referring health care professional. The mean age and mean BMI ± standard deviation of patients reviewed were 68.7 years ± 18.4 years and 25.2 kg/m2 ± 6.7 kg/m2, respectively. Average clinic wait times were 158 days (13 to 368 days) for routine and 52 days (0 to 344 days) for urgent assessments (p<0.001). The most common reason(s) for referral was/were related to dysphagia (n=83), surgery (n=50), and/or gastrointestinal symptomatology (n=28); 80% to 90% of patients received varying diagnostic and treatment services for dysphagia. Development of effective referral criteria is critical to ensure that clients with dysphagia receive timely diagnostic, treatment, and nutrition interventions by interdisciplinary health care teams specializing in dysphagia.

Résumé

La dysphagie est très répandue chez les patients atteints de troubles neurologiques chroniques, et elle peut accroître le risque de comorbidités telles la pneumonie par aspiration et la malnutrition. Le traitement inclut l’accès, en temps opportun, à des équipes de soins interdisciplinaires spécialisées dans la prise en charge de cette maladie. Un examen rétrospectif de dossiers (n = 99 sur 125 dossiers étudiés) a été effectué pour évaluer l’efficacité des critères d’orientation pour identifier les patients soupçonnés d’être atteints de dysphagie et les orienter vers une unité de soins ambulatoires spécialisée en dysphagie. Les variables collectées incluaient des renseignements démographiques (l’âge) et anthropométriques (l’indice de masse corporelle [IMC], le sexe de chaque patient), la raison de l’orientation du patient, le diagnostic primaire, la symptomatologie (p. ex.: pneumonie, oppression thoracique), les interventions en nutrition et en déglutition, le temps d’attente en clinique, les rendez-vous manqués ou annulés, ainsi que de l’information sur le professionnel de la santé ayant orienté le patient. L’âge moyen et l’IMC moyen des patients ± l’écart-type étaient de 68,7 ans ± 18,4 ans et de 25,2 kg/m2 ± 6,7 kg/m2, respectivement. Le temps d’attente moyen en clinique était de 158 jours (de 13 à 368 jours) pour un examen standard et de 52 jours (de 0 à 344 jours) pour un examen urgent (p < 0,001). Les raisons les plus courantes pour l’orientation étaient liées à la dysphagie (n = 83), à la chirurgie (n = 50) ou à une symptomatologie gastro-intestinale (n = 28); entre 80% et 90% des patients avaient reçu un diagnostic et des services de traitement variés pour la dysphagie. L’établissement de critères d’orientation efficaces est crucial si l’on veut s’assurer que les personnes atteintes de dysphagie reçoivent un diagnostic, un traitement et des interventions en nutrition en temps opportun par des équipes de soins interdisciplinaires spécialisées en dysphagie.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 73Number 4December 2012
Pages: 189 - 194

History

Version of record online: 22 November 2012

Authors

Affiliations

Klara Lorinczi, RD
Nutrition Services, Grey Nuns Community Hospital, Covenant Health, Edmonton, AB
Vanessa Denheyer, RD
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Amanda Pickard, RD
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Alice Lee, RD
Nutrition Services, Grey Nuns Community Hospital, Covenant Health, Edmonton, AB
Diana R. Mager, PhD, RD
Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science and Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB

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