Widespread Micronutrient Inadequacies Among Adults in Prince Edward Island

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
27 April 2007

Abstract

Purpose: The prevalence of micronutrient inadequacies was assessed among adult residents of Prince Edward Island (PEI) in the PEI Nutrition Survey.
Methods: A peer-reviewed protocol was used in this crosssectional survey, in which 24-hour recalls were administered during in-home interviews. A stratified random sample of 1,995 adults aged 18 to 74 participated. Median nutrient intakes with and without supplements were calculated; intakes were adjusted for day-to-day variability. Chi-square testing was used to assess differences in prevalence of inadequacy by age and sex.
Results: Most of the sample (more than 90%) had folate intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR). Magnesium and vitamin C intakes were low in more than 50% of the sample. Iron intakes were adequate in all groups except women aged 19 to 50, 29% of whom had intakes below the EAR. Women were more likely than men to have inadequate intakes. Median calcium intakes fell below recommendations for all age and sex groups. Supplement use had little impact on dietary adequacy in this sample.
Conclusions: This study underscores the need for public health interventions designed to reduce the very high prevalence of nutrient inadequacies in the PEI adult population. In addition, education is needed on the selection of appropriate vitamin and mineral supplements.

Résumé

Objectif: La prévalence d'insuffisances en micronutriments a été évaluée chez des adultes de l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard (IPE) dans le cadre d'une enquête nutritionnelle.
Méthodes: Un protocole revu par des pairs a été utilisé pour cette enquête transversale dans laquelle des rappels de 24 heures ont été recueillis au cours d'entrevues à domicile. Un échantillon aléatoire stratifié de 1995 adultes de 18 à 74 ans a participé à l’étude. Les apports médians en nutriments avec et sans suppléments ont été calculés et ajustés pour tenir compte de la variabilité quotidienne. Le test du chi carré a servi à évaluer les différences dans la prévalence des insuffisances selon l’âge et le sexe.
Résultats: La majeure partie de l’échantillon (plus de 90 %) avait des apports en folate inférieurs aux besoins estimés moyens (BEM). Les apports en magnésium et vitamine C étaient faibles chez plus de 50 % de l’échantillon. Les apports en fer étaient adéquats dans tous les groupes sauf chez les femmes de 19 à 50 ans : 29 % d'entre elles avaient des apports inférieurs aux BEM. Les femmes avaient plus tendance que les hommes à avoir des apports insuffisants. Les apports médians en calcium étaient inférieurs aux recommandations dans tous les groupes d’âge et pour les deux sexes. L'usage de suppléments avait peu d'effet sur la qualité de l'alimentation dans cet échantillon.
Conclusions: Cette étude met en relief le besoin d'interventions publiques en santé en vue de réduire la très forte prévalence d'insuffisances en nutriments dans la population adulte de l'IPE. De plus, des besoins d'information se font sentir quant au choix de suppléments appropriés de vitamines et de minéraux.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 68Number 1March 2007
Pages: 23 - 29

History

Version of record online: 27 April 2007

Authors

Affiliations

Jennifer P. Taylor, PhD, RD
Department of Family and Nutritional Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE
Debbie L. MacLellan, PhD, RD
Department of Family and Nutritional Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE
Linda Van Til, MSc, DVM
Prince Edward Island Department of Health and Social Services, Charlottetown, PE
Lamont Sweet, MD, FRCP, MHSc
Prince Edward Island Department of Health and Social Services, Charlottetown, PE

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