Effect of Processing on Galactose In Selected Fruits

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
27 April 2007

Abstract

Purpose: The impact of consuming processed versus fresh fruits and vegetables on the galactose intake of galactosemic patients was compared.
Methods: The galactose content of processed fruits was determined when the following processing methods were used: freezing, drying, blanching, microwaving, canning, and a combination of blanching and freezing. Then three-day food intakes of five subjects with galactosemia were recorded. The records were used to estimate galactose intake, according to previously reported galactose levels for fresh fruits and vegetables and the potential reduction in galactose intake when only processed fruits and vegetables are consumed.
Results: The average galactose reduction was approximately 45% for all the fruits and all processing methods, excluding drying. Intakes varied from 17 to 108 mg/day when fresh values were used and 11 to 103 mg/day when only processed fruits and vegetables were consumed. This reduction was statistically significant for four out of five patients.
Conclusions: When the reduction is compared with reported daily fluctuations in galactosemic patients’ endogenous galactose production, the clinical significance of reduced free galactose consumption on long-term outcome is unclear. However, metabolic dietitians now have objective data that the processing methods described will lower the free galactose content of the fruits analyzed.

Résumé

Objectif: On a comparé les effets de la consommation de fruits et légumes transformés et frais sur l'apport en galactose chez des patients galactosémiques.
Méthodes: La teneur en galactose de fruits transformés a été déterminée quand les méthodes de transformation suivantes ont été utilisées : congélation, dessiccation, blanchiment, cuisson aux micro-ondes, mise en conserve et combinaison de blanchiment et congélation. Des relevés alimentaires de trois jours ont ensuite été recueillis chez cinq patients atteints de galactosémie. Ces relevés ont été utilisés pour évaluer l'apport en galactose d'après les niveaux de galactose rapportés antérieurement pour les fruits et légumes frais et la diminution potentielle de cet apport en cas de consommation de fruits et légumes transformés.
Résultats: La diminution moyenne de galactose se situait à environ 45 % pour tous les fruits et toutes les méthodes de transformation, à l'exception de la dessiccation. Les apports se situaient entre 17 et 108 mg/jour lorsqu'on utilisait les valeurs des produits frais et entre 11 et 103 mg/jour lorsque seuls des fruits et légumes transformés étaient consommés. Cette diminution était significative chez quatre des cinq patients.
Conclusions: Lorsque la diminution est comparée aux fluctuations quotidiennes rapportées pour la production endogène de galactose chez les patients galactosémiques, les retombées cliniques de la diminution de la consommation de galactose libre sur les résultats à long terme ne sont pas claires. Cependant, les diététistes à l'unité métabolique disposent désormais de données objectives selon lesquelles les méthodes de transformation décrites diminuent la teneur en galactose libre des fruits analysés.

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Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 68Number 1March 2007
Pages: 46 - 50

History

Version of record online: 27 April 2007

Authors

Affiliations

Carol Hartnett, MSc, RD
British Columbia Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
Hyun-Ock Kim, PhD
Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Christine H. Scaman, PhD
Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC

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